Alrightie, this worked! I did install Throne. As per sudo before rpm-ostree - it’s not necessary, it just asks for su password if you run it without sudo.

So, Throne came up with another error, it was unable to change file ownership in /usr directory (of course it couldn’t, it’s an immutable system)…and then it got me.

I read into the errors given by v2rayN, and checked it on a non0immutable distro…and indeed, my subscription list got blocked right when I started testing TUN on Bazzite a few days ago. Case closed, Bazzite has nothing to do with it.

But, I learned something about Bazzite repo management, which will be valuable going forward. Thanks a lot for so much effort figuring things out!

I got stuck with Terra atm. Bazzite shows that terra-release is indeed installed, yet doesn’t seem to check the repo when installing packages. And, predictably, fails to install either Nekoray or Throne through rpm-ostree install throne

Assuming it is disabled (as happened in https://github.com/ublueos/bazzite/issues/2580), I wanted to reenable it, but didn’t find any command to do this in rpm-ostree help.

Attempting dnf5 install throne --enable-repo=terra predictably didn’t work as it’s an immutable system.

Any ideas or help here? Your help is much appreciated.

Nekoray in particular doesn’t have .rpm, so I used the universal executable (NOT the AppImage which doesn’t have TUN capability). With TUN mode enabled, it shows outbound and inbound connections trying to be established, and exchanges of up to 300 singular bytes per second. Needless to say, no Internet resources work. The second I close the connection, everything gets back to normal.

V2RayN does have rpm and can be installed using rpm-ostree, but enabling TUN and subsequent connection attempt lead to the following log messages appear (<fields> censored):

<date> <time> from <local IP> accepted <external IP> [proxy-relay-<protocol> -> proxy] <timezone> <date> <time> ERROR [<something> <ping>] dns: exchange failed for <URL>. IN A: EOF

Same continues for every connection attempt. No actual connection is established.